Residential Loans
* Conventional Loans:
○ Description: Mortgage loans not insured or guaranteed by the federal government. They often require a higher credit score and down payment compared to government-backed loans.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers have good credit, a solid financial history, and can afford a larger down payment.
* FHA Loans (Federal Housing Administration):
○ Description: Mortgages insured by the FHA, making them accessible to borrowers with lower credit scores and smaller down payments (as low as 3.5%). They require mortgage insurance premiums (MIP).
○ Best Used When: Borrowers have less-than-perfect credit, a smaller down payment, or are first-time homebuyers.
* VA Loans (Department of Veterans Affairs):
○ Description: Mortgages guaranteed by the VA, available to eligible veterans, active-duty military personnel, and surviving spouses. They often require no down payment and have no private mortgage insurance.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers are eligible veterans, active military, or surviving spouses seeking affordable home financing.
* USDA Loans (U.S. Department of Agriculture):
○ Description: Mortgages offered to eligible rural and suburban homebuyers. They often feature no down payment options and lower mortgage insurance costs.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers are purchasing a home in a designated rural or suburban area and meet income eligibility requirements.
* Jumbo Loans:
○ Description: Mortgage loans that exceed the conforming loan limits set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. They typically have stricter qualification requirements.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers are purchasing high-value properties that exceed standard mortgage limits.
* Fixed-Rate Mortgages:
○ Description: Loans where the interest rate remains the same for the entire loan term, providing predictable monthly payments.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers prioritize stable and predictable monthly payments and expect interest rates to potentially rise in the future.
* Adjustable-Rate Mortgages (ARMs):
○ Description: Loans with an initial fixed interest rate for a specific period, after which the rate adjusts periodically based on market conditions.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers expect to live in the home for a shorter period than the initial fixed-rate period, or when initial interest rates are significantly lower than fixed rates.
* Refinance Loans:
○ Description: Replacing an existing mortgage with a new one, often to obtain a lower interest rate, change the loan term, or tap into home equity.
○ Best Used When: Interest rates have fallen, borrowers want to shorten their loan term, consolidate debt, or access cash for home improvements or other needs.
* Reverse Mortgages (HECM - Home Equity Conversion Mortgage):
○ Description: Loans available to homeowners aged 62 and older that allow them to access a portion of their home's equity without having to sell the home. No monthly mortgage payments are typically required.
○ Best Used When: Older homeowners need access to funds for living expenses, healthcare, or home improvements and plan to stay in their home.
* Bridge Loans (for Residential):
○ Description: Short-term loans used to finance the purchase of a new home while waiting for the sale of an existing home to close.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers need funds to buy a new home before receiving the proceeds from selling their current one.
* Renovation Loans (e.g., FHA 203(k), Fannie Mae HomeStyle):
○ Description: Mortgages that include funds to finance the cost of home repairs or improvements along with the purchase or refinance of the property.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers want to purchase a fixer-upper or refinance their existing mortgage and include funds for renovations.
* Interest-Only Mortgages:
○ Description: Loans where the borrower only pays the interest for a specific period, resulting in lower initial monthly payments. After this period, principal and interest payments begin.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers anticipate their income will increase significantly in the future or plan to sell the property before the principal payments begin. (These can be riskier and require careful consideration.)
* Second Mortgages (e.g., Home Equity Loans, HELOCs):
○ Description: Loans secured by the borrower's home that are subordinate to the first mortgage. Home Equity Loans provide a lump sum, while HELOCs (Home Equity Lines of Credit) offer a revolving line of credit.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers need a fixed amount of funds for specific expenses (home equity loan) or a flexible line of credit for ongoing needs (HELOC), using their home equity as collateral.
* Home Equity Loans:
○ Description: A type of second mortgage that provides a lump sum of funds with a fixed interest rate and repayment term, secured by the borrower's home equity.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers need a specific amount of money for home improvements, debt consolidation, or other major expenses and prefer a predictable repayment schedule.
* Shared Appreciation Mortgages (SAMs):
○ Description: A type of mortgage where the lender shares in a portion of the home's appreciation in exchange for a lower interest rate.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers are willing to share potential future profits from their home's appreciation for a reduced interest rate. (These are less common.)
* Land Loans (for Residential):
○ Description: Financing to purchase vacant land intended for building a primary residence or for investment purposes.
○ Best Used When: Borrowers are looking to buy land to build a custom home in the future or for long-term investment.
Business Loans
* Construction Loans (for Business):
○ Description: Short-term financing used to fund the building or renovation of commercial properties. Funds are usually disbursed in stages as construction progresses.
○ Best Used When: A business needs to build a new facility, expand an existing one, or undertake significant renovations to a commercial space.
* Land Loans (for Business):
○ Description: Financing to purchase raw land for future commercial development or investment. Terms and interest rates can vary depending on the intended use and development plans.
○ Best Used When: A business is looking to acquire land for future expansion, building a new location, or long-term investment purposes.
* Bridge Loans (for Business):
○ Description: Short-term loans used to bridge a temporary financing gap, often when selling an existing commercial property and purchasing a new one.
○ Best Used When: A business needs immediate funds to acquire a new property before the capital from selling their current property becomes available.
* Portfolio Loans (for Business):
○ Description: Commercial loans that are held by the lending institution rather than being sold on the secondary market. This can offer more flexible terms and tailored solutions.
○ Best Used When: A business has unique financing needs that don't fit standard loan products, or when seeking a more customized lending relationship.